Supernovae Driven Winds Impede Lyman Continuum Escape from Dwarf Galaxies in First 10 Myr

Cody Carr; Renyue Cen; Stephan McCandliss; Jack Ford; Alberto Saldana-Lopez; Claudia Scarlata; Mason Huberty; Anne Jaskot; Sophia Flury; M. S. Oey; Ricardo O. Amorín; Sanchayeeta Borthakur; Matthew Hayes; Timothy Heckman; Zhiyuan Ji; Lena Komarova; Alexandra Le Reste; Floriane Leclercq; Rui Marques-Chaves; Leo Michel-Dansac; Göran Östlin; Swara Ravindranath; Michael J. Rutkowski; Daniel Schaerer; Trinh Thuan; Eros Vanzella; Bingjie Wang; Xinfeng Xu

arXiv · 2510.21197

Supernovae Driven Winds Impede Lyman Continuum Escape from Dwarf Galaxies in First 10 Myr

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Abstract

Observations suggest that UV-bright, compact star-forming galaxies produce enough ionizing (Lyman continuum; LyC) photons to reionize the Universe. Yet, the efficiency of LyC escape and the roles of radiation, stellar winds, and supernovae remain uncertain. Using medium-resolution spectra of six nearly identical local star-forming galaxies, we directly trace, for the first time, the evolution of a multiphase wind through individual spectral lines alongside measurements of the LyC escape fraction. We find that LyC escape peaks early, during a period dominated by intense radiation and stellar winds but lacking a fast galactic wind. As the starbursts age, supernovae drive and accelerate the wind, progressively suppressing LyC escape. These results highlight the need for cosmological simulations to incorporate early feedback as a key driver of reionization.

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Cody Carr, Renyue Cen, Stephan McCandliss, Jack Ford, Alberto Saldana-Lopez, Claudia Scarlata, Mason Huberty, Anne Jaskot, Sophia Flury, M. S. Oey, Ricardo O. Amorín, Sanchayeeta Borthakur, Matthew Hayes, Timothy Heckman, Zhiyuan Ji, Lena Komarova, Alexandra Le Reste, Floriane Leclercq, Rui Marques-Chaves, Leo Michel-Dansac, Göran Östlin, Swara Ravindranath, Michael J. Rutkowski, Daniel Schaerer, Trinh Thuan, Eros Vanzella, Bingjie Wang, Xinfeng Xu. 2025-10-24. Supernovae Driven Winds Impede Lyman Continuum Escape from Dwarf Galaxies in First 10 Myr. https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.21197

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