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arXiv · 2510.25478

Strongly enhanced lifetime of higher-order bimerons and antibimerons

Shiwei Zhu·Moritz A. Goerzen·Changsheng Song·Stefan Heinze·Dongzhe Li
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Abstract

Magnetic bimerons, similar to skyrmions, are topologically nontrivial spin textures characterized by topological charge $Q$. Most studies so far have focused on low-$Q$ solitons ($|Q| \leq 1$), such as skyrmions, bimerons, and vortices. Here, we present the first calculations of the lifetimes of {ring-like} high-$Q$ bimerons and demonstrate that they are fundamentally more stable than high-$Q$ skyrmions over a wide range of temperature. To obtain realistic results, our chosen system is an experimentally feasible van der Waals interface, Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$/Cr$_2$Ge$_2$Te$_6$. We show that the lifetimes of high-$Q$ (anti)bimerons can exceed the lifetime of those with $|Q|=1$ by 3 orders of magnitude. Remarkably, this trend remains valid even when extrapolated to room temperature (RT), as the lifetimes are dominated by entropy rather than energy barriers. This contrasts with high-$Q$ skyrmions, whose lifetimes fall with $|Q|$ near RT. We attribute this fundamental difference between skyrmions and bimerons to their distinct magnetic texture symmetries, which lead to different entropy-dominated lifetimes.

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Shiwei Zhu, Moritz A. Goerzen, Changsheng Song, Stefan Heinze, Dongzhe Li. 2025-10-29. Strongly enhanced lifetime of higher-order bimerons and antibimerons. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6c00092

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