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arXiv · 2511.06777

Universal two-stage dynamics and phase control in skyrmion formation

Shiwei Zhu·Xinyuan Guan·Zhen Sun·Qiuyao Zhang·Changsheng Song
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Abstract

We uncover a universal two-stage dynamics during skyrmion formation and establish its connection to equilibrium phases through the introduction of a chiral correlation $\chi$. Stage I involves stripe coarsening governed by the exchange-to-DMI ratio $J'$, while stage II entails stripe contraction driven by the synergy between $J'$ and the anisotropy-to-DMI ratio $K'$. The magnetic field-to-DMI ratio $B'$ influences both stages. By combining symbolic regression with neural networks, we model the competition and cooperation among these parameters and derive a skyrmion formation criterion, $0.58 K'J' + \mu B'J' > 1$. Our model disentangles their distinct roles: $J'$ sets the stripe width, $K'$ primarily controls the skyrmion size, and $B'$ strongly affects the topological charge. This approach provides a general framework for predicting and controlling magnetic phases in chiral magnets.

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Shiwei Zhu, Xinyuan Guan, Zhen Sun, Qiuyao Zhang, Changsheng Song. 2025-11-10. Universal two-stage dynamics and phase control in skyrmion formation. https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.06777

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