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arXiv · 2511.10836

Anyonic Chern insulator in graphene induced by surface electromagnon vacuum fluctuations

Xinle Cheng·Emil Viñas Boström·Frank Y. Gao·Edoardo Baldini·Dante M. Kennes·Angel Rubio
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Abstract

Sub-wavelength cavities have emerged as a promising platform to realize strong light-matter coupling in condensed matter systems. Previous studies are limited to dielectric sub-wavelength cavities, which preserve time-reversal symmetry. Here, we lift this constraint by proposing a cavity system based on magneto-electric materials, which host surface electromagnons with non-orthogonal electric field and magnetic field components. The quantum fluctuations of the surface electromagnons drive a nearby graphene monolayer into an anyonic Chern insulator, characterized by anyonic quasi-particles and a topological gap that decays polynomially with the graphene-substrate distance. Our work opens a path to controllably break time-reversal symmetry and induce exotic quantum states through cavity vacuum fluctuations.

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Xinle Cheng, Emil Viñas Boström, Frank Y. Gao, Edoardo Baldini, Dante M. Kennes, Angel Rubio. 2025-11-13. Anyonic Chern insulator in graphene induced by surface electromagnon vacuum fluctuations. https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.10836

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