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arXiv · 2511.23014

Closed-Loop Control Law for Low Thrust Orbit Transfer with Guaranteed Stability

Suraj Kumar·Aditya Rallapalli·Nivriti Priyadarshini·Bharat Kumar GVP·Ravi Kumar L
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Abstract

Electric propulsion is used to maximize payload capacity in communication satellites. These orbit raising maneuvers span several months and hundreds of revolutions, making trajectory design a complex challenge. The literature typically addresses this problem using feedback laws, with Q-law being one of the most prominent approaches. However, Q-law suffers from closed-loop stability issues, limiting its suitability for real-time on-board implementation. In this work, we focus on closed-loop orbit raising rather than offline trajectory planning and address the stability limitations of the Q-law through a Lyapunov based control design. A Lyapunov-guided modification of the classical Q-law is proposed to ensure closed-loop stability and enable real-time implementation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through closed-loop orbit transfers across various scenarios, including co-planar transfers, equatorial to polar orbit transfers, and geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) to geostationary earth orbit (GEO) transfers.

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Suraj Kumar, Aditya Rallapalli, Nivriti Priyadarshini, Bharat Kumar GVP, Ravi Kumar L. 2025-11-28. Closed-Loop Control Law for Low Thrust Orbit Transfer with Guaranteed Stability. https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.23014

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