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arXiv · 2512.04706

Boosting the Memory Window of Memristive Stacks via Engineered Interfaces with High Ionic Mobility

José Diogo Costa·Daniel Veira-Canle·Noa Varela-Domínguez·Nicholas Davey·Victor Leborán·Rafael Ramos·Fèlix Casanova·Luis E. Hueso·Victor M. Brea·P. López·Francisco Rivadulla
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Abstract

Realizing the potential of oxide-based memristive devices for high-density data storage and energy-efficient computing still relies on overcoming key technical challenges, including the need for a larger number of stable resistance states, faster switching speeds, lower SET/RESET voltages, improved endurance, and reduced variability. Addressing these limitations requires innovative material design strategies. Here, we demonstrate that introducing a thin layer of oxide-ion conductor SrCoO3-x between the metal and the SrTiO3-based memristive elements expands the number of distinguishable resistance states from about 8 to about 22. This modification also reduced the SET/RESET voltage by 50% and markedly improved device endurance, albeit with a trade-off of reduced state retention. To assess the performance of this architecture, we trained a two-layer fully connected neural network using the experimental SrTiO3/SrCoO3-x memristor characteristics on the MNIST handwritten digit dataset. Networks with hidden-layer sizes between 64 and 256 neurons achieved classification errors below 7%. Finally, we confirmed the transferability of this interface-engineering approach by applying it to HfOx-based devices, achieving a consistent enhancement in the resistive state window.

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José Diogo Costa, Daniel Veira-Canle, Noa Varela-Domínguez, Nicholas Davey, Victor Leborán, Rafael Ramos, Fèlix Casanova, Luis E. Hueso, Victor M. Brea, P. López, Francisco Rivadulla. 2025-12-04. Boosting the Memory Window of Memristive Stacks via Engineered Interfaces with High Ionic Mobility. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.6c01143

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