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arXiv · 2512.05037

Expanding the Neutral Atom Gate Set: Native iSWAP and Exchange Gates from Dipolar Rydberg Interactions

Pedro Ildefonso·Andrew Byun·Aleksei Konovalov·Javad Kazemi·Michael Schuler·Wolfgang Lechner
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Abstract

We present a native realization of iSWAP and parametrized \textit{exchange} gates for neutral-atom quantum processing units. Our approach leverages strong dipole-dipole interactions between two different dipole-coupled Rydberg states, employing optimal control techniques to design high-fidelity, time-efficient gate pulses. To minimize experimental complexity, we utilize global driving fields acting identically on all atoms and apply pulse smoothing techniques. While detrimental van der Waals interactions pose a significant challenge, we demonstrate that for both $^{133}$Cs, as a representative alkali atom, and $^{88}$Sr, an alkaline-earth species, high-fidelity pulses can nevertheless be obtained over a broad range of parameters. We identify candidate protocols with reduced susceptibility to noise and analyze their performance under realistic conditions, accounting for atomic motion, Rydberg decay, and experimentally motivated laser frequency and intensity noise. Crucially, we demonstrate that in both Alkali and alkaline-earth-based systems, we can obtain fast iSWAP gates with fidelities of $99.9\%$ under realistic experimental conditions. These results pave the way for expanding the neutral-atom gate set beyond conventional Rydberg-blockade-based entangling gates.

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Pedro Ildefonso, Andrew Byun, Aleksei Konovalov, Javad Kazemi, Michael Schuler, Wolfgang Lechner. 2025-12-04. Expanding the Neutral Atom Gate Set: Native iSWAP and Exchange Gates from Dipolar Rydberg Interactions. https://doi.org/10.1103/z46h-mgh4

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