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arXiv · 2512.21416

Observation of disorder-induced superfluidity

Nicole Ticea·Elias Portoles·Eliott Rosenberg·Alexander Schuckert·Aaron Szasz·Bryce Kobrin·Nicolas Pomata·Pranjal Praneel·Connie Miao·Shashwat Kumar·Ella Crane·Ilya Drozdov·Yuri Lensky·Sofia Gonzalez-Garcia·Thomas Kiely·Dmitry Abanin·Amira Abbas·Rajeev Acharya·Laleh Aghababaie Beni·Georg Aigeldinger·Ross Alcaraz·Sayra Alcaraz·Markus Ansmann·Frank Arute·Kunal Arya·Walt Askew·Nikita Astrakhantsev·Juan Atalaya·Ryan Babbush·Brian Ballard·Hector Bates·Andreas Bengtsson·Majid Bigdeli Karimi·Alexander Bilmes·Simon Bilodeau·Felix Borjans·Alexandre Bourassa·Jenna Bovaird·Dylan Bowers·Leon Brill·Peter Brooks·Michael Broughton·David A. Browne·Brett Buchea·Bob B. Buckley·Tim Burger·Brian Burkett·Jamal Busnaina·Nicholas Bushnell·Anthony Cabrera·Juan Campero·Hung-Shen Chang·Silas Chen·Zijun Chen·Ben Chiaro·Liang-Ying Chih·Agnetta Y. Cleland·Bryan Cochrane·Matt Cockrell·Josh Cogan·Paul Conner·Harold Cook·Rodrigo G. Cortiñas·William Courtney·Alexander L. Crook·Ben Curtin·Sayan Das·Martin Damyanov·Dripto M. Debroy·Stijn J. de Graaf·Laura De Lorenzo·Sean Demura·Lucia B. De Rose·Agustin Di Paolo·Paul Donohoe·Andrew Dunsworth·Valerie Ehimhen·Alec Eickbusch·Aviv Moshe Elbag·Lior Ella·Mahmoud Elzouka·David Enriquez·Catherine Erickson·Lara Faoro·Vinicius S. Ferreira·Marcos Flores·Leslie Flores Burgos·Sam Fontes·Ebrahim Forati·Jeremiah Ford·Brooks Foxen·Masaya Fukami·Alan Wing Lun Fung·Lenny Fuste·Suhas Ganjam·Gonzalo Garcia·Christopher Garrick·Robert Gasca·Helge Gehring·Robert Geiger
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Abstract

The emergence of states with long-range correlations in a disordered landscape is rare, as disorder typically suppresses the particle mobility required for long-range coherence. But when more than two energy levels are available per site, disorder can induce resonances that locally enhance mobility. Here we explore phases arising from the interplay between disorder, kinetic energy, and interactions on a superconducting processor with qutrit readout and control. Compressibility measurements distinguish an incompressible Mott insulator from surrounding compressible phases and reveal signatures of glassiness, reflected in non-ergodic behavior. Spatially-resolved two-point correlator measurements identify regions of the phase diagram with a non-vanishing condensate fraction. We also visualize the spectrum by measuring the dynamical structure factor. A linearly-dispersing phonon mode materializes in the superfluid, appearing even when disorder is introduced to the clean Mott insulator. Our results provide strong experimental evidence for disorder-induced superfluidity.

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Nicole Ticea, Elias Portoles, Eliott Rosenberg, Alexander Schuckert, Aaron Szasz, Bryce Kobrin, Nicolas Pomata, Pranjal Praneel, Connie Miao, Shashwat Kumar, Ella Crane, Ilya Drozdov, Yuri Lensky, Sofia Gonzalez-Garcia, Thomas Kiely, Dmitry Abanin, Amira Abbas, Rajeev Acharya, Laleh Aghababaie Beni, Georg Aigeldinger, Ross Alcaraz, Sayra Alcaraz, Markus Ansmann, Frank Arute, Kunal Arya, Walt Askew, Nikita Astrakhantsev, Juan Atalaya, Ryan Babbush, Brian Ballard, Hector Bates, Andreas Bengtsson, Majid Bigdeli Karimi, Alexander Bilmes, Simon Bilodeau, Felix Borjans, Alexandre Bourassa, Jenna Bovaird, Dylan Bowers, Leon Brill, Peter Brooks, Michael Broughton, David A. Browne, Brett Buchea, Bob B. Buckley, Tim Burger, Brian Burkett, Jamal Busnaina, Nicholas Bushnell, Anthony Cabrera, Juan Campero, Hung-Shen Chang, Silas Chen, Zijun Chen, Ben Chiaro, Liang-Ying Chih, Agnetta Y. Cleland, Bryan Cochrane, Matt Cockrell, Josh Cogan, Paul Conner, Harold Cook, Rodrigo G. Cortiñas, William Courtney, Alexander L. Crook, Ben Curtin, Sayan Das, Martin Damyanov, Dripto M. Debroy, Stijn J. de Graaf, Laura De Lorenzo, Sean Demura, Lucia B. De Rose, Agustin Di Paolo, Paul Donohoe, Andrew Dunsworth, Valerie Ehimhen, Alec Eickbusch, Aviv Moshe Elbag, Lior Ella, Mahmoud Elzouka, David Enriquez, Catherine Erickson, Lara Faoro, Vinicius S. Ferreira, Marcos Flores, Leslie Flores Burgos, Sam Fontes, Ebrahim Forati, Jeremiah Ford, Brooks Foxen, Masaya Fukami, Alan Wing Lun Fung, Lenny Fuste, Suhas Ganjam, Gonzalo Garcia, Christopher Garrick, Robert Gasca, Helge Gehring, Robert Geiger. 2025-12-24. Observation of disorder-induced superfluidity. https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.21416

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