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arXiv · 2601.00824

Defect Cocycles and the Structure of Finite Process Monoids

Paolo Vella
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Abstract

We study positive subunital maps on ordered effect spaces and introduce the defect $d(T) = u - T(u)$, which satisfies a cocycle identity under composition. Using only this identity and elementary order-theoretic arguments -- requiring no spectral decomposition or dimension-dependent techniques -- we prove that in any finite composition-closed family of positive subunital maps, defects are eventually annihilated under iteration (Theorem 4.1), with an explicit bound linear in the family size. Under a persistence hypothesis (nonzero positive elements map to nonzero positive elements), we establish that all maps in such families must be unital. For completely positive maps on finite-dimensional matrix algebras, we then prove a sharp dimension-dependent bound: the stabilization index satisfies $n_T \le d$ where $d$ is the Hilbert space dimension, independent of the family size. This bound is achieved by a shift channel construction. These results provide a structural explanation for why finite operational repertoires in process theories cannot sustain systematic information loss, with applications to quantum foundations and categorical probability.

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Paolo Vella. 2025-12-23. Defect Cocycles and the Structure of Finite Process Monoids. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.00824

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