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arXiv · 2601.01820

Heisenberg scaling in optical magnetometry with measurement-induced correlations as a quantum resource

Georg Engelhardt·Ming Li·Xingchang Wang·JunYan Luo·J. F. Chen
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Abstract

Theoretical proposals to reach the Heisenberg scaling of the measurement precision typically require carefully engineered interactions or initial entanglement. In studying optical magnetometry, we show that the continuous collective measurement process itself can generate the necessary many-body quantum correlations to achieve the elusive Heisenberg scaling of the quantum Fisher information in a dissipative, steady-state system without direct inter-atomic interactions. By contrasting a correlation-neglecting but otherwise consistent semiclassical model, which can violate the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound (QCRB) by several orders of magnitude, with a collective quantum model, we isolate measurement-induced correlations as the essential mechanism. The violation of the QCRB serves thereby as a fundamental sanity check for semiclassical spectroscopic theories. This work reveals measurement-induced correlations as a widely unexplored quantum resource for quantum-enhanced sensing, establishes a new paradigm for achieving Heisenberg scaling in open quantum systems, and provides a direct path to test the foundations of quantum mechanics using macroscopic atom ensembles.

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Georg Engelhardt, Ming Li, Xingchang Wang, JunYan Luo, J. F. Chen. 2026-01-05. Heisenberg scaling in optical magnetometry with measurement-induced correlations as a quantum resource. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.01820

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