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arXiv · 2601.14157

ConceptCaps: a Distilled Concept Dataset for Interpretability in Music Models

Bruno Sienkiewicz·Łukasz Neumann·Mateusz Modrzejewski
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Abstract

Concept-based interpretability methods like TCAV require clean, well-separated positive and negative examples for each concept. Existing music datasets lack this structure: tags are sparse, noisy, or ill-defined. We introduce ConceptCaps, a dataset of 21k music-caption-tags triplets with explicit labels from a 200-attribute taxonomy. Our pipeline separates semantic modeling from text generation: a VAE learns plausible attribute co-occurrence patterns, a fine-tuned LLM converts attribute lists into professional descriptions, and MusicGen synthesizes corresponding audio. This separation improves coherence and controllability over end-to-end approaches. We validate the dataset through audio-text alignment (CLAP), linguistic quality metrics (BERTScore, MAUVE), and TCAV analysis confirming that concept probes recover musically meaningful patterns. Dataset and code are available online.

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Bruno Sienkiewicz, Łukasz Neumann, Mateusz Modrzejewski. 2026-01-20. ConceptCaps: a Distilled Concept Dataset for Interpretability in Music Models. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.14157

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