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arXiv · 2601.19092

Axe: A Simple Unified Layout Abstraction for Machine Learning Compilers

Bohan Hou·Hongyi Jin·Guanjie Wang·Jinqi Chen·Yaxing Cai·Lijie Yang·Zihao Ye·Yaoyao Ding·Ruihang Lai·Tianqi Chen
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Abstract

Scaling modern deep learning workloads demands coordinated placement of data and compute across device meshes, memory hierarchies, and heterogeneous accelerators. We present Axe Layout, a hardware-aware abstraction that maps logical tensor coordinates to a multi-axis physical space via named axes. Axe unifies tiling, sharding, replication, and offsets across inter-device distribution and on-device layouts, enabling collective primitives to be expressed consistently from device meshes to threads. Building on Axe, we design a multi-granularity, distribution-aware DSL and compiler that composes thread-local control with collective operators in a single kernel. Experiments show that our unified approach can bring performance close to hand-tuned kernels on across latest GPU devices and multi-device environments and accelerator backends.

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Bohan Hou, Hongyi Jin, Guanjie Wang, Jinqi Chen, Yaxing Cai, Lijie Yang, Zihao Ye, Yaoyao Ding, Ruihang Lai, Tianqi Chen. 2026-01-27. Axe: A Simple Unified Layout Abstraction for Machine Learning Compilers. https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.19092

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