High-resolution wide-field magnetic imaging with sparse sampling using nitrogen-vacancy centers

Keqing Liu; Jiazhao Tian; Bokun Duan; Hao Zhang; Kangze Li; Guofeng Zhang; Fedor Jelezko; Ressa S. Said; Jianming Cai; Liantuan Xiao

arXiv · 2602.00679

High-resolution wide-field magnetic imaging with sparse sampling using nitrogen-vacancy centers

Keqing Liu·Jiazhao Tian·Bokun Duan·Hao Zhang·Kangze Li·Guofeng Zhang·Fedor Jelezko·Ressa S. Said·Jianming Cai·Liantuan Xiao

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Abstract

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond enable quantitative magnetic imaging, yet practical implementations must balance spatial resolution against acquisition time (and thus per-pixel sensitivity). Single-NV scanning magnetometry achieves genuine nanoscale resolution, nonetheless requires typically a slow pixel-by-pixel acquisition. Meanwhile, wide-field NV-ensemble microscopy provides parallel readout over a large field of view, however is jointly limited by the optical diffraction limit and the sensor-sample standoff. Here, we present a sparse-sampling strategy for reconstructing high-resolution wide-field images from only a small number of measurements. Using simulated NV-ensemble detection of ac magnetic fields, we show that a mean-adjusted Bayesian estimation (MABE) framework can reconstruct 10000-pixel images from only 25 sampling points, achieving SSIM values exceeding 0.999 for representative smooth field distributions, while optimized dynamical-decoupling pulse sequences yield an approximately twofold improvement in magnetic-field sensitivity. The method further clarifies how sampling patterns and sampling density affect reconstruction accuracy and suggests a route toward faster and more scalable magnetic-imaging architectures that may extend to point-scanning NV sensors and other magnetometry platforms, such as SQUIDs, Hall probes, and magnetic tunnel junctions.

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Keqing Liu, Jiazhao Tian, Bokun Duan, Hao Zhang, Kangze Li, Guofeng Zhang, Fedor Jelezko, Ressa S. Said, Jianming Cai, Liantuan Xiao. 2026-01-31. High-resolution wide-field magnetic imaging with sparse sampling using nitrogen-vacancy centers. https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.00679

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