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arXiv · 2602.19878

Axis-Aligned Semantics for ODRL: Resolving Dimensional Ambiguity in Policy Constraints

Daham Mustafa·Diego Collarana·Sabrina Kirrane·Christoph Lange·Christoph Quix·Rafiqul Haque·Yixin Peng·Stefan Decker
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Abstract

The Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) represents policy constraints as triples of a left operand, an operator, and a value. Several spatial operands, however, range over multi-axis domains such as width, height, and depth, while the constraint syntax provides no explicit axis identity. As a result, policy engines cannot determine whether multiple constraints apply to the same axis or different ones, making conflict detection unsound or incomplete. We resolve this ambiguity by axis decomposition, replacing multi-axis operands with axis-specific scalar operands over totally ordered domains. Each constraint then denotes an interval per axis and each policy an axis-aligned box, reducing conflict detection to box comparison. We define a three-valued semantics (Conflict, Compatible, Unknown), prove the decomposition sound and backward compatible with ODRL, instantiate it as ODRL Axis-Aligned Profile (OAAP), and validate it on a benchmark of 256 ODRL policy problems, each expressed in Turtle and compiled to first-order (TPTP) and SMT-LIB form, using Vampire, E, Z3, and cvc5.

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Daham Mustafa, Diego Collarana, Sabrina Kirrane, Christoph Lange, Christoph Quix, Rafiqul Haque, Yixin Peng, Stefan Decker. 2026-02-23. Axis-Aligned Semantics for ODRL: Resolving Dimensional Ambiguity in Policy Constraints. https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.19878

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