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arXiv · 2603.03715

Non-reciprocity and exchange-spring delay of domain-wall Walker breakdown in magnetic nanowires with azimuthal magnetization

Lucía Gómez-Cruz·Laura Álvaro-Gómez·Claudia Fernández-González·Sandra Ruiz-Gómez·Christophe Thirion·Giuseppe Curci·Lucia Aballe·Eva Pereiro·Rachid Belkhou·Eduardo Martinez·Victor Raposo·Jean-Christophe Toussaint·Daria Gusakova·Aurélien Masseboeuf·Olivier Fruchart·Lucas Pérez
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Abstract

Domain-wall (DW) motion is a crucial process involved in magnetization reversal, be it under magnetic field or spin-polarized current stimulus. In most cases the DW speed does not exceed $\approx$100m/s and collapses above a given threshold of the stimulus, an effect known as Walker breakdown. A few specific material properties have been identified to delay the breakdown of speed by increasing the energy barrier preventing internal precession. We show that in a 3D nanomagnetic system, here with vortex-state domains, the topology of the magnetization distribution may intrinsically and robustly delay the Walker breakdown due to an exchange-spring effect. However, in contrast to situations in lower dimension, the motion remains steady-state. In addition, curvature induces a major non-reciprocal effect, delaying or not the Walker breakdown depending on the sequence of chiralities of the azimuthal domains on both sides of the DW, independent of its direction of motion.

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Lucía Gómez-Cruz, Laura Álvaro-Gómez, Claudia Fernández-González, Sandra Ruiz-Gómez, Christophe Thirion, Giuseppe Curci, Lucia Aballe, Eva Pereiro, Rachid Belkhou, Eduardo Martinez, Victor Raposo, Jean-Christophe Toussaint, Daria Gusakova, Aurélien Masseboeuf, Olivier Fruchart, Lucas Pérez. 2026-03-04. Non-reciprocity and exchange-spring delay of domain-wall Walker breakdown in magnetic nanowires with azimuthal magnetization. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.03715

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