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arXiv · 2603.14637

Dissipative self-assembly of colloidal suspensions

Jason Conradt·Eric M. Furst
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Abstract

Suspensions of paramagnetic colloids exhibit kinetic arrest in strong magnetic fields. Through a dissipative process of toggling the field on and off, suspensions self-assemble into dense and dynamic steady-state phases. Based on the domain elongation, alpha- and contour-shapes, and degree of phase separation, we construct a phase diagram using a k-means clustering analysis. We identify six characteristic structural regimes: a structureless phase, an arrested structure, sheets, ribbons, a spiky phase, and a transient fluid-fluid regime. We further report the distribution and alignment of domains and the generality of the results. We model self-assembled domain shapes using an equilibrium mean-field magnetostatic energy calculation, which predicts the surprising emergence of highly-anisotropic structures driven by the sample's confinement.

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Jason Conradt, Eric M. Furst. 2026-03-15. Dissipative self-assembly of colloidal suspensions. https://doi.org/10.1103/8h2w-vhcn

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