One-to-one quantum simulation of a frustrated magnet with 256 qubits

Lucas Leclerc; Sergi Julià-Farré; Gabriel Silva Freitas; Guillaume Villaret; Boris Albrecht; Lucas Béguin; Lilian Bourachot; Clémence Briosne-Frejaville; Dorian Claveau; Antoine Cornillot; Julius de Hond; Djibril Diallo; Clément Dupays; Robin Dupont; Thomas Eritzpokhoff; Emmanuel Gottlob; Loïc Henriet; Michael Kaicher; Lucas Lassablière; Arvid Lindberg; Yohann Machu; Hadriel Mamann; Thomas Pansiot; Julien Ripoll; Eun Sang Choi; Adrien Signoles; Joseph Vovrosh; Bruno Ximenez; Vivien Zapf; Shengzhi Zhang; Haidong Zhou; Minseong Lee; Tiagos Mendes-Santos; Constantin Dalyac; Antoine Browaeys; Alexandre Dauphin

arXiv · 2603.20372

One-to-one quantum simulation of a frustrated magnet with 256 qubits

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Abstract

Analog quantum simulators offer a powerful microscopic probe of quantum many-body systems, yet have largely been benchmarked against model Hamiltonians rather than real materials. Here, we use a 256-qubit Rydberg simulator to implement the effective Hamiltonian of the frustrated triangular-lattice magnet TmMgGaO$_4$. Simulated magnetization curves agree quantitatively with susceptibility measurements on single crystals, and both platforms consistently determine the antiferromagnetic phase transition. Snapshot-resolved analysis confirms that quantum fluctuations, rather than disorder, govern the intermediate paramagnetic regime. Having established this correspondence, we access non-equilibrium dynamics following a sudden quench, a regime at picosecond material timescales where entanglement growth places the problem beyond classical reach. The simulator reveals thermalization of local observables, demonstrating that analog quantum simulation can reproduce and extend the physics of a real material.

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Lucas Leclerc, Sergi Julià-Farré, Gabriel Silva Freitas, Guillaume Villaret, Boris Albrecht, Lucas Béguin, Lilian Bourachot, Clémence Briosne-Frejaville, Dorian Claveau, Antoine Cornillot, Julius de Hond, Djibril Diallo, Clément Dupays, Robin Dupont, Thomas Eritzpokhoff, Emmanuel Gottlob, Loïc Henriet, Michael Kaicher, Lucas Lassablière, Arvid Lindberg, Yohann Machu, Hadriel Mamann, Thomas Pansiot, Julien Ripoll, Eun Sang Choi, Adrien Signoles, Joseph Vovrosh, Bruno Ximenez, Vivien Zapf, Shengzhi Zhang, Haidong Zhou, Minseong Lee, Tiagos Mendes-Santos, Constantin Dalyac, Antoine Browaeys, Alexandre Dauphin. 2026-03-20. One-to-one quantum simulation of a frustrated magnet with 256 qubits. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.20372

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