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arXiv · 2603.21200

The non-uniform electron gas

Mihaly A. Csirik·Andre Laestadius
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Abstract

The non-uniform (or inhomogeneous) electron gas has received much attention in many-body quantum mechanics and quantum chemistry in the early days of density functional theory, mainly as a theoretical device to construct gradient approximations via linear response theory. In this article, motivated by the recent works of Lewin, Lieb and Seiringer, we propose a definition of the quantum (resp. classical) non-uniform electron gas through the use of the grand-canonical Levy-Lieb functional (resp. the grand-canonical strictly correlated electrons functional), establish these systems as rigorous thermodynamic limits and analyze their basic properties. The non-uniformity of the gas comes from an arbitrary lattice-periodic background density.

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Mihaly A. Csirik, Andre Laestadius. 2026-03-22. The non-uniform electron gas. https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.21200

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