LottieGPT: Tokenizing Vector Animation for Autoregressive Generation

Abstract

Despite rapid progress in video generation, existing models are incapable of producing vector animation, a dominant and highly expressive form of multimedia on the Internet. Vector animations offer resolution-independence, compactness, semantic structure, and editable parametric motion representations, yet current generative models operate exclusively in raster space and thus cannot synthesize them. Meanwhile, recent advances in large multimodal models demonstrate strong capabilities in generating structured data such as slides, 3D meshes, LEGO sequences, and indoor layouts, suggesting that native vector animation generation may be achievable. In this work, we present the first framework for tokenizing and autoregressively generating vector animations. We adopt Lottie, a widely deployed JSON-based animation standard, and design a tailored Lottie Tokenizer that encodes layered geometric primitives, transforms, and keyframe-based motion into a compact and semantically aligned token sequence. To support large-scale training, we also construct LottieAnimation-660K, the largest and most diverse vector animation dataset to date, consisting of 660k real-world Lottie animation and 15M static Lottie image files curated from broad Internet sources. Building upon these components, we finetune Qwen-VL to create LottieGPT, a native multimodal model capable of generating coherent, editable vector animations directly from natural language or visual prompts. Experiments show that our tokenizer dramatically reduces sequence length while preserving structural fidelity, enabling effective autoregressive learning of dynamic vector content. LottieGPT exhibits strong generalization across diverse animation styles and outperforms previous state-of-the-art models on SVG generation (a special case of single-frame vector animation).