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arXiv · 2604.13158

Fast measurement of neutral atoms with a multi-atom gate

Yotam Vaknin·Ran Finkelstein·Ofer Firstenberg·Alex Retzker
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Abstract

Measurement time represents a critical bottleneck limiting the operational speed of neutral atom quantum computers, as it cannot be accelerated through parallelization like other quantum operations. We present a protocol for fast measurement of neutral atoms based on a new, fast multi-atom Rydberg gate that significantly reduces the measurement integration time and improves the measurement fidelity. Our approach employs a multi-qubit register of $N$ ancilla atoms within a single Rydberg blockade region to measure a single data qubit. This enables an $N$-fold enhancement in photon emission collections, while reducing the measurement's sensitivity to loss. The scheme requires spectral separation between the data qubit and the ancillae, achievable through either a dual-species architecture or a targeted light shift. Beyond this, the scheme is straightforward to implement: it relies only on global pulses, global photon collection, and avoids both atom shuttling and numerically optimized pulses. Simulations of a Cs--Rb platform demonstrate that with only five ancillae ($N=5$), measurement infidelity below $10^{-3}$ within $6\ \mu\text{s}$ is achievable.

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Yotam Vaknin, Ran Finkelstein, Ofer Firstenberg, Alex Retzker. 2026-04-14. Fast measurement of neutral atoms with a multi-atom gate. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.13158

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