Multigrain-aware Semantic Prototype Scanning and Tri-Token Prompt Learning Embraced High-Order RWKV for Pan-Sharpening

Junfeng Li; Wenyang Zhou; Xueheng Li; Xuanhua He; Jianhou Gan; Wenqi Ren

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arXiv · 2604.14622

Multigrain-aware Semantic Prototype Scanning and Tri-Token Prompt Learning Embraced High-Order RWKV for Pan-Sharpening

Junfeng Li·Wenyang Zhou·Xueheng Li·Xuanhua He·Jianhou Gan·Wenqi Ren

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Abstract

In this work, we propose a Multigrain-aware Semantic Prototype Scanning paradigm for pan-sharpening, built upon a high-order RWKV architecture and a tri-token prompting mechanism derived from semantic clustering. Specifically, our method contains three key components: 1) Multigrain-aware Semantic Prototype Scanning. Although RWKV offers a efficient linear-complexity alternative to Transformers, its conventional bidirectional raster scanning is still semantic-agnostic and prone to positional bias. To address this issue, we introduce a semantic-driven scanning strategy that leverages locality-sensitive hashing to group semantically related regions and construct multi-grain semantic prototypes, enabling context-aware token reordering and more coherent global interaction. 2) Tri-token Prompt Learning. We design a tri-token prompting mechanism consisting of a global token, cluster-derived prototype tokens, and a learnable register token. The global and prototype tokens provide complementary semantic priors for RWKV modeling, while the register token helps suppress noisy and artifact-prone intermediate representations. 3) Invertible Q-Shift. To counteract spatial details, we apply center difference convolution on the value pathway to inject high-frequency information, and introduce an invertible multi-scale Q-shift operation for efficient and lossless feature transformation without parameter-heavy receptive field expansion. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our method.

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Junfeng Li, Wenyang Zhou, Xueheng Li, Xuanhua He, Jianhou Gan, Wenqi Ren. 2026-04-16. Multigrain-aware Semantic Prototype Scanning and Tri-Token Prompt Learning Embraced High-Order RWKV for Pan-Sharpening. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.14622

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