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arXiv · 2604.20362

Spectral Fluctuation-Dissipation-Response Inequalities

Jie Gu
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Abstract

We derive spectral fluctuation--dissipation--response inequalities for finite-state Markov jump processes. By comparing the causal susceptibility to its passive equilibrium reference, we establish frequency-resolved and frequency-integrated inequalities that bound their mismatch in terms of the steady-state entropy production rate, probe variance, short-time perturbation diffusion, and reversible relaxation timescales. Our bounds exactly recover the standard fluctuation--dissipation theorem at equilibrium and apply directly to measurable causal susceptibilities, providing experimentally testable thermodynamic limits on FDT breakdown in driven steady states.

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Jie Gu. 2026-04-22. Spectral Fluctuation-Dissipation-Response Inequalities. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.20362

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