Instrumental Text-to-Music Generation with Auxiliary Conditioning Branches

Abstract

Text-to-music generation has advanced rapidly, with modern autoregressive and diffusion-based models producing convincing music from natural-language prompts. However, much of this progress relies on large-scale training data and external pretraining, making it difficult to isolate which design choices remain effective when data and pretraining are controlled. We study this setting using a Diffusion Transformer backbone with lyric and timbre conditioning, adapted to an instrumental-only text-to-music task in which the auxiliary lyric and timbre branches receive only degenerate conditioning signals. Through controlled ablations, we find that models retrained without these branches score lower across AudioBox aesthetics, LLM-as-judge, and human MOS, and that reinvesting the saved parameters as additional DiT depth recovers only marginally. This suggests the auxiliary branches may act as training-time architectural anchors whose contribution goes beyond their explicit conditioning content. We validate the same model through comparisons with external instrumental baselines and through our submission to the ICME 2026 Academic Text-to-Music (ATTM) Grand Challenge, where our Performance submission ranked first under both the objective metrics and the subsequent organizer-administered MOS over 35 raters, attaining the highest overall MOS across all challenge submissions, while our Efficiency submission was a finalist that tied for second under the objective metrics.