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arXiv · 2605.23721

Is a Document Educational or Just Wikipedia-Style? -- Pitfalls of Classifier-Based Quality Filtering

Mateusz Klimaszewski·Piotr Andruszkiewicz
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Abstract

Classifier-based Quality Filtering has recently emerged as a fundamental technique in constructing pre-training corpora. The ability to deploy a single model that can replace or supplement a set of heuristics has proven effective across numerous Large Language Models. In this work, we expose a critical vulnerability in this approach by demonstrating how a straightforward Wikipedia-style reformatting operation can substantially alter a model's quality assessment and enable low-quality content to surpass filtering thresholds. Our analysis reveals that the FineWeb-Edu CQF model would reverse its filtering decision for approximately 7% of evaluated documents, thereby admitting content into the pre-training corpus that would otherwise have been excluded.

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Mateusz Klimaszewski, Piotr Andruszkiewicz. 2026-05-21. Is a Document Educational or Just Wikipedia-Style? -- Pitfalls of Classifier-Based Quality Filtering. https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.23721

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