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arXiv · 2606.08880

Direct Data-driven Predictive Control: A Computationally Efficient Alternative to DeePC for Eco-driving in Mixed Traffic Flows

Dongjun Li·Haoxuan Dong·Liangcai Xu·Ziyou Song
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Abstract

Improving energy efficiency in the transportation sector is critical for achieving sustainable mobility, with eco-driving emerging as a key strategy. However, implementing effective eco-driving for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) in mixed traffic presents a significant control challenge due to the heterogeneous, uncertain behavior of human-driven vehicles (HDVs). Data-enabled Predictive Control (DeePC) offers a promising model-free approach but is often hindered by a high computational burden, limiting its real-time feasibility. This paper introduces a novel Direct Data-driven Predictive Control (D3PC) framework to address this limitation. By reformulating the data-driven prediction mechanism, the D3PC significantly reduces computational complexity, making its computation time nearly invariant to historical data size. This computational efficiency directly enables the formulation of a sophisticated eco-driving controller that can solve the complex energy optimization problem in real time, even within diverse and stochastic mixed-traffic environments. Comprehensive simulations demonstrate that the D3PC is orders of magnitude faster than existing DeePC-based methods while achieving superior energy efficiency. Specifically, it reduces total platoon energy consumption by up to 10.71% compared to rule-based cruise control baselines and 3.80% compared to the original DeePC, confirming its effectiveness for real-time, energy-efficient control.

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Dongjun Li, Haoxuan Dong, Liangcai Xu, Ziyou Song. 2026-06-07. Direct Data-driven Predictive Control: A Computationally Efficient Alternative to DeePC for Eco-driving in Mixed Traffic Flows. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.08880

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