Direct Raw Audio Signal Processing via Reservoir Computing: An Investigation into 'Feature-Free' Architectures

Abstract

This paper evaluates Reservoir Computing (RC) as an autonomous, 'feature-free' framework for audio processing, designed to eliminate traditional, handcrafted feature extraction stages. We investigate whether the high-dimensional temporal dynamics inherent in a reservoir can function as a robust end-to-end processor for the direct classification of raw acoustic signals. By bypassing computationally intensive representations like MFCCs, this approach seeks to mitigate significant intellectual and pre-processing bottlenecks in traditional signal pipelines. Our study evaluates and compares shallow, sequential, and parallel deep reservoir architectures to determine their capacity for hierarchical feature representation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed parallel approach consistently outperforms shallow and sequential baselines while maintaining low model complexity. These findings highlight the potential of RC as an efficient and scalable alternative for time-domain audio processing, offering a promising pathway toward deployable, low-power acoustic systems with minimal preprocessing requirements.