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arXiv · 2606.22523

Observation of Higher-Order Hybrid Bright-Dark Soliton Complexes in an NPR Mode-Locked Fiber Laser

Subrata Manna·Amala Jose·Nithyanandan Kanagaraj
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Abstract

Hybrid bright-dark soliton complexes offer profound insights into multi-component nonlinear wave dynamics, yet their systematic generation via artificial saturable absorbers remains unexplored. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a comprehensive hierarchy of higher-order hybrid soliton architectures within a single nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR)-based erbium-doped fiber laser. Continuous tuning of intracavity polarization states and pump power enables reproducible access to soliton structures, with stable mode-locking confirmed at 8 MHz and a signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 72 dB. Cross-phase modulation (XPM)-mediated inter-component coupling and birefringence-induced polarization evolution collectively govern the observed soliton multiplicity, with NPR's inherent tunability proving decisive in accessing higher-order hybrid soliton regimes unexplored in prior studies. These findings expand the fundamental taxonomy of dissipative solitons and establish NPR-based fiber lasers as a reconfigurable platform for complex nonlinear wave engineering.

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Subrata Manna, Amala Jose, Nithyanandan Kanagaraj. 2026-06-21. Observation of Higher-Order Hybrid Bright-Dark Soliton Complexes in an NPR Mode-Locked Fiber Laser. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.22523

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