A square-root complex inequality and its induced metric structure

Abstract

Let $(\Omega,\mu)$ be a finite measure space with $M=\mu(\Omega)>0$. We investigate the integral form, stability, and metric geometry associated with a square-root complex. After proving the inequality and determining all equality cases, we analyze its phase stability near the intersection of the two branches of the equality set. In general phase directions, the quadratic term is precisely a Cauchy--Schwarz deficit; along the corresponding degenerate cone, the leading term is of fourth order and is strictly positive. A symmetric two-point example shows that the exponent four is unavoidable in any uniform distance-stability estimate. Finally, on the group of measurable circle-valued functions, we introduce the LY-metric \[ d_\mu(f,g)=\left|M-\int_\Omega f\overline g\,d\mu\right|^{1/2}. \] We prove that this metric is bi-invariant and complete, and that it induces the same topology as the $L^2$ metric. On finite-dimensional tori, we establish the optimality of the exponent $1/2$, derive explicit formulas for the intrinsic distance and geodesics, describe the anisotropic geometry and volume growth of small metric balls, and show that the Hausdorff dimension is $n+1$.