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arXiv · 2606.30387

Baryon Light-Cone Distribution Amplitudes from Lattice QCD: Formalism, Renormalization, Extrapolation, and Matching

Mu-Hua Zhang·Haoyang Bai·Min-Huan Chu·Jun Hua·Xiangdong Ji·Xiangyu Jiang·Jian Liang·Cai-Dian Lü·Andreas Schäfer·Wei Wang·Yi-Bo Yang·Jian-Hui Zhang·Jia-Lu Zhang·Qi-An Zhang
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Abstract

Baryon light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) are inherently multidimensional objects parametrized by two independent longitudinal momentum fractions, making their first-principles determination substantially more challenging than that of meson LCDAs. We present a systematic large-momentum effective theory (LaMET) framework for determining baryon leading-twist LCDAs from lattice QCD. The framework covers the complete path from equal-time three-quark quasi-distribution amplitudes to physical baryon LCDAs. We formulate the leading-twist $V$, $A$, and $T$ quasi-DAs and analyze their spin-flavor and coordinate-space symmetries, including antisymmetric amplitudes with vanishing local limits. We develop a hybrid renormalization prescription on the $(z_1,z_2)$ plane, introduce a newly developed large-$\lambda$ extrapolation strategy based on the asymptotic large-distance behavior of Euclidean correlators, and derive the corresponding one-loop LaMET matching relation in the hybrid renormalization scheme. As a demonstration, we apply the complete analysis pipeline to the $\Lambda$-baryon $A$-structure quasi-DAs using seven $2+1$--flavor lattice ensembles, and use this amplitude to examine the impact of large-distance extrapolation, perturbative matching, and extrapolation to the continuum, physical-pion-mass, and infinite-momentum limits, together with the associated systematic uncertainties. This work provides the formalism, renormalization, extrapolation, and matching infrastructure for first-principles determinations of $x$-dependent baryon LCDAs.

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Mu-Hua Zhang, Haoyang Bai, Min-Huan Chu, Jun Hua, Xiangdong Ji, Xiangyu Jiang, Jian Liang, Cai-Dian Lü, Andreas Schäfer, Wei Wang, Yi-Bo Yang, Jian-Hui Zhang, Jia-Lu Zhang, Qi-An Zhang. 2026-06-29. Baryon Light-Cone Distribution Amplitudes from Lattice QCD: Formalism, Renormalization, Extrapolation, and Matching. https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.30387

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