Critical thresholds and instantaneous norm inflation for super-diffusive integro-differential equations

Abstract

This manuscript investigates the Cauchy problem for a class of nonlinear integro-differential equations governing anomalous super-diffusive transport in $\mathbb{R}^N$. The linear dynamics are driven by a dual-scale memory kernel whose Laplace transform is sectorial and exhibits distinct power-law asymptotics at high and low frequencies. This super-diffusive structure precludes the infinite regularizing capacity characteristic of classical parabolic theory; consequently, the associated resolvent operator possesses a heavy algebraic tail in Fourier space, acting as a pseudo-differential operator in the H\"ormander class $S^{-2}_{1,0}$ and restricting spatial smoothing. By establishing rigorous $L^q-L^p$ multiplier estimates, the critical Lebesgue threshold $q_c$ for local well-posedness is determined. To demonstrate the sharpness of this threshold, instantaneous norm inflation -- and consequent ill-posedness -- is proven in the supercritical regime $1 < q < q_c$. Furthermore, tracking the structural crossover to the long-time relaxation parameter resolves the global asymptotic dynamics. The nonlocal Fujita-type critical exponent $\rho_F$ is identified, and global-in-time existence along with algebraic decay is established for small initial data in intersection spaces, provided the nonlinearity remains supercritical and overcomes the structural algebraic barrier connecting the dual scales. This general framework applies directly to canonical physical models, including Cole-Cole fractional retardation and multi-scale Prabhakar memory.