All-electrical Coherent Control of a Single Rare-earth Spin Qubit

Yaowu Liu; Dasom Choi; Stefano Reale; Jeongmin Oh; Seorhin Choi; Lei Fang; We-hyo Soe; Arzhang Ardavan; Andreas J. Heinrich; Soo-hyon Phark; Fabio Donati

arXiv · 2608.07929

All-electrical Coherent Control of a Single Rare-earth Spin Qubit

Yaowu Liu·Dasom Choi·Stefano Reale·Jeongmin Oh·Seorhin Choi·Lei Fang·We-hyo Soe·Arzhang Ardavan·Andreas J. Heinrich·Soo-hyon Phark·Fabio Donati

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Abstract

Electrical control of single spin qubits is a major frontier for nanoscale, high-speed, and scalable quantum devices. Yet, extending it to highly shielded rare-earth 4f electrons remains an experimental challenge across solid-state platforms. Here we demonstrate all-electrical coherent control of a single Er electron spin, which is exchange-coupled to a nearby Ti atom. Scanning tunneling microscopy-based electron spin resonance with three-dimensional magnetic-field control enables comprehensive mapping of the resonance and Rabi frequencies, revealing pronounced anisotropies in both the Er g-tensor and the Er-Ti exchange interaction. The electrical modulation of the anisotropic Er-Ti coupling results in an efficient drive of the Er spin, allowing us to achieve near-gigahertz Rabi frequencies - a ten-fold improvement over the present record for rare-earth spin qubits. By establishing anisotropic exchange as a general resource for electrically accessing shielded rare-earth spins, our results open a new route to ultrafast and local control of rare-earth spins in solid-state quantum devices.

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Yaowu Liu, Dasom Choi, Stefano Reale, Jeongmin Oh, Seorhin Choi, Lei Fang, We-hyo Soe, Arzhang Ardavan, Andreas J. Heinrich, Soo-hyon Phark, Fabio Donati. 2026-08-08. All-electrical Coherent Control of a Single Rare-earth Spin Qubit. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.07929

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