PILOT Technical Report

Jiuning Lin; Ruiquan Lan; Xiaodong Zhu; Bin Zhang; Chengyu Lai; Chuxin Chen; Dimin Wang; Han Zhu; Hongtao Cheng; Jialin Zhu; Lingqing Zhang; Shuai Zhong; Tao Wang; Weipeng Huang; Yinjiang Cai; Yinnan Song; Yuan Liu; Zhibo Xiao; Zhixin Ma; Zihong Huang

arXiv · 2608.18637

PILOT Technical Report

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Abstract

Existing agentic approaches for recommendation system optimization remain fundamentally reactive: they adjust parameters in response to observed metric changes but lack the ability to proactively design controlled experiments, personalize strategies at the user-segment level, or accumulate reusable experimental methodology across tasks. We present PILOT (Proactive Insight Learner for Online Tree-Experiments), an LLM-agent framework that organizes three roles within a constrained control loop where deterministic services enforce all safety, statistical, and permission boundaries: (1) an Experiment Manager that drives the full experiment lifecycle -- task intake, observation governance, anomaly recovery, and postmortem -- by selecting only from a rule-generated legal-command envelope; (2) a Search Planner that proposes candidate decision trees for user-segment-level personalization, invoked only when the Manager requests planning; and (3) a Memory Curator that asynchronously distills experiment outcomes into strategy-level domain knowledge and provenance-tracked methodology, failure-isolated from the main loop. The Manager makes the agent proactive, the Planner enables population-level personalization beyond global tuning, and the Curator turns every completed task into a learning opportunity for the next. Deployed on Taobao's platform with 5 experimental buckets, PILOT is compared against ROAM(Reactive Optimization with Agent-driven Moves), a free-exploration agent without lifecycle governance or structured hypothesis testing. PILOT achieves up to +1.40% IPV, +1.60% Core IPV, +0.96% transaction count, and +1.50% transaction amount, improving over ROAM's best results (+1.00% IPV, +0.90% Core IPV, +0.60% transaction count, +1.13% transaction amount) while raising search efficiency from 53.3% to 93.3% (+40 pp), with no human intervention throughout the experimental cycle.

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Jiuning Lin, Ruiquan Lan, Xiaodong Zhu, Bin Zhang, Chengyu Lai, Chuxin Chen, Dimin Wang, Han Zhu, Hongtao Cheng, Jialin Zhu, Lingqing Zhang, Shuai Zhong, Tao Wang, Weipeng Huang, Yinjiang Cai, Yinnan Song, Yuan Liu, Zhibo Xiao, Zhixin Ma, Zihong Huang. 2026-08-19. PILOT Technical Report. https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.18637

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