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arXiv · 2609.15666

OpenEnded: An Open-Response Speech Corpus for Speaking Proficiency Assessment with Human Annotations and ALM Supervision

Yu-Wen Chen·Eric Zhou·Evelyn Ding·Tianyi Shen·Zhou Yu·Julia Hirschberg
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Abstract

The development of automated speaking assessment (ASA) is limited by the scarcity of public datasets, with most existing work relying on read-aloud speech, which limits applicability to real-world communication scenarios. In this work, we introduce OpenEnded, a corpus of English practice speech from Mandarin speakers in open-response tasks. Unlike prior open-response datasets that provide only holistic proficiency scores, OpenEnded offers utterance-level assessments of accuracy, fluency, and prosody. Approximately 10,000 utterances are collected and annotated using a hybrid framework: 1,000 are manually labeled via multi-rater scoring with discrepancy resolution to form a high-quality test set, while the remaining are pseudo-labeled by an audio language model (ALM) for training and development sets. We evaluate ALMs and existing ASA models on the OpenEnded test set and introduce VoxPA as an additional baseline. Results show that ALM-generated pseudo-labels improve training over original ALM scoring, while VoxPA achieves the best performance among all baselines.

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Yu-Wen Chen, Eric Zhou, Evelyn Ding, Tianyi Shen, Zhou Yu, Julia Hirschberg. 2026-09-14. OpenEnded: An Open-Response Speech Corpus for Speaking Proficiency Assessment with Human Annotations and ALM Supervision. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.15666

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