Cyclotron-Frequency Stability via Single-Ion Fluorescence in a Penning Trap with a Cryogen-Free Superconducting Magnet

Anna Schupeta; David Yousaf; Manuel Almagro; Manuel Hurtado; José M. Palomino; Joaquín Berrocal; Michael Block; Christoph E. Düllmann; Daniel Rodríguez

arXiv · 2609.16713

Cyclotron-Frequency Stability via Single-Ion Fluorescence in a Penning Trap with a Cryogen-Free Superconducting Magnet

Anna Schupeta·David Yousaf·Manuel Almagro·Manuel Hurtado·José M. Palomino·Joaquín Berrocal·Michael Block·Christoph E. Düllmann·Daniel Rodríguez

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Abstract

In this work, we investigate the magnetic-field stability of a Penning trap operated with a cryogen-free superconducting magnet through cyclotron-frequency measurements of a single laser-cooled calcium ion using two complementary photon-based detection techniques: a pulsed optical method for determining the three ion eigenfrequencies and Fluorescence-Detected Fourier-Transform Ion-Cyclotron-Resonance (FD-FT-ICR). For the former technique, the data-analysis procedure was revisited, considering it as the dominant contribution to the measurement uncertainty and yielding a long-term magnetic-field drift $(1/B)(dB/dt) = -3.07(32)\times10^{-9}$ $\mathrm{h}^{-1}$. This value is comparable to those reported for high-precision Penning-trap experiments employing liquid-helium-based superconducting magnets. The short-term stability was investigated using the FD-FT-ICR technique, resulting in a minimum relative magnetic-field variation of $δB/B \simeq 5\times10^{-8}$ for averaging times between 30 and 60 s. Furthermore, this technique enables direct cyclotron-frequency determinations on timescales as short as a few seconds, providing access to magnetic-field fluctuations that are generally not resolved in conventional Penning-trap experiments.

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Anna Schupeta, David Yousaf, Manuel Almagro, Manuel Hurtado, José M. Palomino, Joaquín Berrocal, Michael Block, Christoph E. Düllmann, Daniel Rodríguez. 2026-09-15. Cyclotron-Frequency Stability via Single-Ion Fluorescence in a Penning Trap with a Cryogen-Free Superconducting Magnet. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16713

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