Riesz transform on manifolds with mixed ends for $1<q<2$

Abstract

Let $M_1$, $\cdots$, $M_\ell$ be complete manifolds of the same dimension, where $2\le \ell\in\mathbb{N}$. Suppose that each $M_i$ satisfies two side Gaussian bounds. If some of these manifolds are parabolic and there exists a constant $1\le n_i\le 2$ such that for some $x_i\in M_i$ with $1 \le r \le R < \infty$, $$c_i\left(\frac{R}{r}\right)^{n_i}\le \frac{Vol_{M_i}(B(x_i,R))}{Vol_{M_i}(B(x_i,r))}\le C_i\left(\frac{R}{r}\right)^{n_i},$$ by assuming that all the manifolds satisfy the relative connectedness of the annuli ($RCA$) condition introduced by Grigor'yan and Saloff-Coste, we show that the Riesz transform $\nabla \mathcal L^{-1/2}$ is bounded on $L^q(M)$ for each $1<q<2$ on the gluing manifold $M=M_1 \# M_2 \# \cdots \# M_\ell$.