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arXiv · 2609.26731

ASTRA-SR: Atmospheric Seeing and Turbulence Restoration for Astronomical Image Super-Resolution

Xining Ge·Ziteng Cui·Shuhong Liu
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Abstract

Ground-based planetary imaging suffers from atmospheric turbulence, sensor noise, and limited sampling, making restoration a joint denoising, deblurring, and super-resolution problem. We present ASTRA-SR, a blind single-frame restoration framework trained on a physics-grounded synthetic dataset. High-dynamic-range spacecraft RAW observations serve as clean sources, and paired LR inputs are synthesized using measured layer-integrated turbulence strengths, propagated moving phase screens, exposure-averaged spatially varying PSFs, and sensor noise.ASTRA-SR first estimates a noise-suppressed but blur-retaining LR image, then restores spatial structure through multiscale processing and reconstructs HR detail with serial spatial-amplitude refinement. It yields a 0.49 dB foreground PSNR gain over the strongest baseline approaches.

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Xining Ge, Ziteng Cui, Shuhong Liu. 2026-09-22. ASTRA-SR: Atmospheric Seeing and Turbulence Restoration for Astronomical Image Super-Resolution. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.26731

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