Equivalent Flux Compensation for SPMSM Sensorless Control under Parameter Mismatch

Abstract

Parameter mismatch is the main source of rotor position estimation error in sensorless control of surface-permanent magnet synchronous motors (SPMSMs). To this end, this paper proposes a simple yet efficient equivalent flux compensation (EFC) method that directly estimates the equivalent flux disturbance caused by parameter mismatches in real time. First, the equivalent flux disturbance caused by parameter mismatches is derived from a nonlinear flux observer. Second, a flux update law is proposed to minimize both magnitude and directional errors by leveraging geometric error together with the derived equivalent flux disturbance. To enhance numerical stability, a saturation function is introduced to improve gradient continuity in the update process. Additionally, Lyapunov analysis is employed to ensure the stability of the proposed update law, from which the corresponding error bounds and convergence properties are derived. Finally, experimental results validate that the proposed method fully compensates for the steady-state effects of resistance and flux mismatches, and partially mitigates the influence of inductance variation, effectively constraining the position estimation error within a relatively small range.