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arXiv · 2609.32770

C-HAT-Bench: Benchmarking Chinese AI-Text Detection Beyond Fully Generated Text

Qing Yang·Zixiang Luo·Zhenyu Mao·Zezheng Wu·Xinghe Cheng·Haibo Chen·Qinggang Zhang·Jiapu Wang·Jingwei Zhang
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Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly participate in writing by modifying or extending human drafts, causing machine involvement to vary in both form and extent. Yet most Machine-Generated Text (MGT) detectors are evaluated only on fully human-written versus fully AI-generated text. Because human--AI collaboration can weaken or redistribute cues associated with machine generation, strong performance under this binary setting may overstate detector reliability. This mismatch remains underexplored in Chinese: detection cues are shaped by tokenization and language-specific text distributions, yet controlled resources spanning production settings, domains, and generators remain limited. To fill this gap, we present a Chinese Human-AI Collaborative Text Detection Benchmark (C-HAT-Bench), a unified benchmark that links $5,000$ human-written source texts from five domains to more than $240,000$ variants produced using six generative models under Prefix-Conditioned Continuation as a reference setting and three collaborative production modes. We evaluate $21$ detectors through four protocols spanning zero-shot and pretrained supervised document-level detection, boundary localization, and cross-condition generalization. Relative to Prefix-Conditioned Continuation, mean AUROC across document-level detectors is $12.0\%$ lower on the collaborative production modes, with the largest detector-specific relative decrease reaching $44.4\%$. Transfer across collaborative production modes is also asymmetric, indicating that performance in a given production setting is not a reliable predictor of performance in other production settings.

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Qing Yang, Zixiang Luo, Zhenyu Mao, Zezheng Wu, Xinghe Cheng, Haibo Chen, Qinggang Zhang, Jiapu Wang, Jingwei Zhang. 2026-09-26. C-HAT-Bench: Benchmarking Chinese AI-Text Detection Beyond Fully Generated Text. https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.32770

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