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arXiv · 2610.21905

Seeing Through Sparse Signals: CS-Enhanced Sensing With QoS Guarantees for 6G ISAC

Yifei Wang·Pradyumna Kumar Bishoyi·Marina Petrova
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Abstract

In integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, communication and sensing share time-frequency resources, creating a fundamental trade-off between communication quality of service (QoS) and quality of sensing (QoSe). Reusing 5G new radio (NR) reference signals (RSs) enables standard-compliant sensing, but their inherent sparsity leads to undersampled channels and strong sidelobes that degrade weak-target detection. Compressed sensing (CS) can mitigate these effects, yet existing methods either overlook communication QoS constraints or rely on reconstruction algorithms that are step-size-sensitive or employ global thresholding, leading to weak-target masking in multi-target scenarios. The multi-target detection problem, therefore, requires a joint design of resource scheduling and CS-based reconstruction. In this work, we investigate the impact of two scheduling schemes, namely QoS-guaranteed scheduling and proportional-fairness (PF)-based scheduling, on the sensing-communication trade-off. To further enhance sensing performance, we employ a 2D max-median complex approximate message passing (2D-mmCAMP) algorithm that performs adaptive row- and column-wise thresholding to suppress sidelobes while preserving weak-target responses in multi-target scenarios. Simulations demonstrate an improvement of >= 16% in weak-target detection over baseline reconstruction algorithms while meeting downlink (DL) QoS constraints, validating the effectiveness of the proposed NR-compliant ISAC scheme.

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Yifei Wang, Pradyumna Kumar Bishoyi, Marina Petrova. 2026-10-15. Seeing Through Sparse Signals: CS-Enhanced Sensing With QoS Guarantees for 6G ISAC. https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.21905

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