Sharp Bounds for Toral Eigenfunctions and Threefold Additive Energy on Circles

Abstract

For the lattice circle $P_n=\{z\in\mathbb{Z}^2:|z|^2=n\}$, we prove that the threefold additive energy $J_3(P_n)\le C|P_n|^3$, with an absolute constant $C$. This establishes the optimal bound suggested by Krishnapur--Kurlberg--Wigman and Bombieri--Bourgain. We also prove a uniform weak $L^6$ bound for $L^2$-normalized eigenfunctions on the square torus, and hence uniform $L^p$ bounds for every $1\le p<6$. This extends the classical $L^4$ bounds of Cooke and Zygmund and establishes Bourgain's conjecture in this range. Applications include mean-square convergence for $L^{6/5}$ observables and a logarithm-free remainder in the nodal length variance of arithmetic random waves.