Accelerating Universe: Theory versus Experiment

Abstract

We present gravitation as a theory in which the coordinates are distances and velocities between galaxies. We show that there are three possibilities for the Universe to expand: decelerating, constant and accelerating, and it is shown that the Universe is now in the latter phase. Assuming "Omega"_m=0.245, the time at which the Universe goes over from a decelerating to an accelerating expansion, occurs at 8.5 Gyr ago, at which time the cosmic radiation temperature was 146K. The theory predicts also that now there is a positive pressure, p=0.034g/cm^2, in the Universe. Although the theory has no cosmological constant, we extract from it its equivalence and show that "Lambda"=1.934x10^{-35}s^{-2}, which is in excellent agreement with measurements. It is also shown that the three-dimensional space of the Universe is Euclidean. Comparison with general relativity theory is finally made and it is shown that the classical experiments as well as the gravitational radiation prediction follow from the present theory, too.