Bath generated work extraction in two-level systems

Claudia Pombo; Armen E. Allahverdyan; Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen

doi:10.1063/1.1523813

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Bath generated work extraction in two-level systems

Claudia Pombo·Armen E. Allahverdyan·Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen

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Abstract

The spin-boson model, often used in NMR and ESR physics, quantum optics and spintronics, is considered in a solvable limit to model a spin one-half particle interacting with a bosonic thermal bath. By applying external pulses to a non-equilibrium initial state of the spin, work can be extracted from the thermalized bath. It occurs on the timescale T_2 inherent to transversal (`quantum') fluctuations. The work (partly) arises from heat given off by the surrounding bath, while the spin entropy remains constant during a pulse. This presents a violation of the Clausius inequality and the Thomson formulation of the second law (cycles cost work) for the two-level system.

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Claudia Pombo, Armen E. Allahverdyan, Theo M. Nieuwenhuizen. 2002-08-28. Bath generated work extraction in two-level systems. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1523813

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