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Charged complexes at the surface of liquid helium

A. M. Dyugaev·P. D. Grigoriev·P. Wyder
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Abstract

Charged clusters in liquid helium in an external electric field form a two-dimensional system below the helium surface. This 2D system undergoes a phase transition from a liquid to a Wigner crystal at rather high temperatures. Contrary to the electron Wigner crystal, the Wigner lattice of charged clusters can be detected directly.

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A. M. Dyugaev, P. D. Grigoriev, P. Wyder. 2002-10-23. Charged complexes at the surface of liquid helium. https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.200301800

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