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No-soliton--soliton phase transition in a trapped one-dimensional Bose gas

Vanja Dunjko·Christopher P. Herzog·Yvan Castin·Maxim Olshanii
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Abstract

Following the experimental observation of bright matter-wave solitons [L. Khaykovich et al., Science v. 296, 1290 (2002); K. E. Strecker et al., Nature (London) v. 417, 150 (2002)], we develop a semi-phenomenological theory for soliton thermodynamics and find the condensation temperature. Under a modified thermodynamic limit, the condensate occupation at the critical temperature undergoes a sudden jump to a nonzero value, indicating a discontinuous phase transition. Treating the condensation as a diffusion over a barrier shows that the condensation time is exponentially long as one approaches the thermodynamic limit, and the longest near the critical temperature.

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Vanja Dunjko, Christopher P. Herzog, Yvan Castin, Maxim Olshanii. 2004-02-27. No-soliton--soliton phase transition in a trapped one-dimensional Bose gas. https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0306514

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