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Oscillations of a Bose-Einstein condensate rotating in a harmonic plus quartic trap

M. Cozzini·A. L. Fetter·B. Jackson·S. Stringari
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Abstract

We study the normal modes of a two-dimensional rotating Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a quadratic plus quartic trap. Hydrodynamic theory and sum rules are used to derive analytical predictions for the collective frequencies in the limit of high angular velocities, $Ω$, where the vortex lattice produced by the rotation exhibits an annular structure. We predict a class of excitations with frequency $\sqrt{6} Ω$ in the rotating frame, irrespective of the mode multipolarity $m$, as well as a class of low energy modes with frequency proportional to $|m|/Ω$. The predictions are in good agreement with results of numerical simulations based on the 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The same analysis is also carried out at even higher angular velocities, where the system enters the giant vortex regime.

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M. Cozzini, A. L. Fetter, B. Jackson, S. Stringari. 2004-11-04. Oscillations of a Bose-Einstein condensate rotating in a harmonic plus quartic trap. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.94.100402

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