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Incomplete equilibrium in long-range interacting systems

Fulvio Baldovin·Enzo Orlandini
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Abstract

We use a Hamiltonian dynamics to discuss the statistical mechanics of long-lasting quasi-stationary states particularly relevant for long-range interacting systems. Despite the presence of an anomalous single-particle velocity distribution, we find that the Central Limit Theorem implies the Boltzmann expression in Gibbs' $Γ$-space. We identify the nonequilibrium sub-manifold of $Γ$-space characterizing the anomalous behavior and show that by restricting the Boltzmann-Gibbs approach to this sub-manifold we obtain the statistical mechanics of the quasi-stationary states.

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Fulvio Baldovin, Enzo Orlandini. 2006-09-13. Incomplete equilibrium in long-range interacting systems. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.97.100601

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