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Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensation with Three-Body Interactions and Collective Excitations

A. Gammal·T. Frederico·Lauro Tomio·Ph. Chomaz
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Abstract

The stability of a Bose-Einstein condensed state of trapped ultra-cold atoms is investigated under the assumption of an attractive two-body and a repulsive three-body interaction. The Ginzburg-Pitaevskii-Gross (GPG) nonlinear Schrödinger equation is extended to include an effective potential dependent on the square of the density and solved numerically for the s-wave. The lowest frequency of the collective mode is determined and its dependences on the number of atoms and on the strength of the three-body force are studied. We show that the addition of three-body dynamics can allow the number of condensed atoms to increase considerably, even when the strength of the three-body force is very small compared with the strength of the two-body force. We also observe a first-order liquid-gas phase transition for the condensed state up to a critical strength of the effective three-body force.

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A. Gammal, T. Frederico, Lauro Tomio, Ph. Chomaz. 1999-11-05. Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensation with Three-Body Interactions and Collective Excitations. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075%2F33%2F19%2F316

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