The Narrow $Θ_5$ Pentaquark As The First Non-planar Hadron With the Diamond Structure And Negative Parity

Abstract

Using the picture of the flux tube model, we propose that the $Θ_5$ pentaquark as the first candidate of the three-dimensional non-planar hadron with the extremely stable diamond structure. The up and down quarks lie at the corners of the diamond while the anti-strange quark sits in the center. Various un-excited color flux tubes between the five quarks bind them into a stable and narrow color-singlet. Such a configuration allows the lowest state having the negative parity naturally. The decay of the $Θ_5$ pentaquark into the nucleon and kaon requires the breakup of the non-planar diamond configuration into two conventional planar hadrons, which involves some kind of structural phase transition as in the condensed matter physics. Hence the width of the $Θ^+$ pentaquark should be narrow despite that it lies above the kaon nucleon threshold. We suggest that future lattice QCD calculation adopt non-planar interpolating currents to explore the underlying structure of the $Θ_5$ pentaquark.