A Study of the Energy Efficiency of Hadronic Reactors of Molecular Type

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce an estimate of the "commercial efficiency" of Santilli's hadronic reactors of molecular type (Patented and International Patents Pending) which convert a liquid feedstock (such as automotive antifreeze and oil waste, city or farm liquid waste, crude oil, etc.) into the clean burning magnegas plus heat acquired by the liquid feedstock. The "commercial efficiency" is defined as the ratio between the total energy output (energy in magnegas plus heat) and the electric energy used for its production, while the "scientific efficiency" is the usual ratio between the total energy output and the total energy input (the sum of the electric energy plus the energy in the liquid feedstock as well as that in the carbon electrodes). A primary purpose of this paper is to show that conventional thermochemistry does indeed predict a commercial efficiency bigger than one, although their values is considerably smaller than the actual efficiency measured in the reactors, thus indicating the applicability of the covering hadronic chemistry from which the reactors have received their name. We reach an upper limit of the commercial efficiency of 3.11 for the use of pure water as feedstock, and of 3.11 to 7.5 for a mixture of ethyleneglicole and water. The study of the heat produced by the reactions leads to large divergencies between the thermochemical predictions and experimental data of at least a factor of three. Such divergencies can only be explained with deviations from quantum chemistry in favor of the covering hadronic chemistry. In particular, the indicated large divergencies can only be explained with the assumption that the produced combustible gas has the new non-valence chemical structure of Santilli magnecules.