Searcharxiv⌕ Search
Home/Archive/arXiv

arXiv · physics/0612044

Monte Carlo simulation of the electron transport through thin slabs: A comparative study of PENELOPE, GEANT3, GEANT4, EGSnrc and MCNPX

M. Vilches·S. Garcia-Pareja·R. Guerrero·M. Anguiano·A. M. Lallena
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The Monte Carlo simulation of the electron transport through thin slabs is studied with five general purpose codes: PENELOPE, GEANT3, GEANT4, EGSnrc and MCNPX. The different material foils analyzed in the old experiments of Kulchitsky and Latyshev [Phys. Rev. 61 (1942) 254-266] and Hanson et al. [Phys. Rev. 84 (1951) 634-637] are used to perform the comparison between the Monte Carlo codes. Non-negligible differences are observed in the angular distributions of the transmitted electrons obtained with the some of the codes. The experimental data are reasonably well described by EGSnrc, PENELOPE (v. 2005) and GEANT4. A general good agreement is found for EGSnrc and GEANT4 in all the cases analyzed.

Explore related subjects

physics.med-ph

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

M. Vilches, S. Garcia-Pareja, R. Guerrero, M. Anguiano, A. M. Lallena. 2006-12-05. Monte Carlo simulation of the electron transport through thin slabs: A comparative study of PENELOPE, GEANT3, GEANT4, EGSnrc and MCNPX. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2006.11.061

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related papers

arXiv2026

Simulation analysis of a direct/indirect conversion dual-layer X-ray detector for early identification of coronary artery calcium

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a strong predictor of future cardiovascular events, and CAC burden is commonly used to stratify patient cardiovascular risk. Although CAC is typically quantified using computed tomography, routine chest radiography offers an opportunity for lower-dose, widely available opportunistic screening. Single-exposure dual-energy chest radiography using multilayer flat-panel detectors can generate low- and high-energy images without motion artifacts and provide material decomposition parameters, including calcification density. In this work, we investigate a direct/indirect dual-layer detector consisting of an amorphous selenium (a-Se) direct-conversion top layer and a cesium iodide scintillator-based indirect-conversion bottom layer for enhanced visualization of small CAC. A cascaded linear systems model (CLSM) simulated task-based detectability for a 1 mm calcification embedded in soft tissue. A complementary image-domain contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) analysis using CT-derived patient anatomy with inserted 1 mm calcifications evaluated CNR as a function of a-Se thickness and dual-energy weighting factor. The CLSM analysis revealed peak task-based detectability at an a-Se thickness of 500-550 um and a tissue-cancellation weighting factor of 1.08. Detectability remained within a few percent of this maximum across a broad range of a-Se thicknesses (300-1000 um). The image-domain CNR analysis yielded maximum CNR at 300 um a-Se and weighting factor of 0.93, with a smaller range of 200-500 um giving acceptable CNR. These results indicate that near-equal weighting of the two detector layers improves anatomical-noise suppression and CAC conspicuity, while a 300 um a-Se top layer provides a practical design compromise between detectability, operating voltage, and manufacturability.

physics.med-ph↗
arXiv2026

Conceptualization of electronic dose to water and water-equivalent gas for ionometric dosimetry in external beam radiotherapy

Electronic dose to water, which is the radiant energy imparted to a unit mass of water by electronic collisions, is conceptualized to exclude corrections and uncertainties associated with energy transfer to atomic nuclei and to enhance medical relevance for radiotherapy dosimetry. Based on the international code of practice, the procedures to determine electronic doses were formulated for high-energy photon, electron, proton, and ion beams. Nitrogen-based water-equivalent gas (WEG) mixtures were designed for use in gas-sealed ionization chambers for proton and ion beams. A thought experiment of reference dosimetry for electronic dose demonstrated its compatibility with absorbed dose for photon and electron beams. For proton and ion beams, the transition from absorbed dose to electronic dose will change apparent dose values by \qty{-1.4}{\%} and \qty{-2.2}{\%}, and decrease the uncertainty from \qty{1.6}{\%} to \qty{1.5}{\%} and from \qty{2.6}{\%} to \qty{2.1}{\%}, respectively. With WEG ionization chambers, the uncertainty will further decrease to \qty{1.2}{\%} for proton beams and \qty{1.5}{\%} for ion beams. The formulated framework will be applicable to radiotherapy dosimetry with traceable dosimeter calibration under the international radiation dosimetry system.

physics.med-ph↗
arXiv2026

LesionStudio: A Patient-Informed Platform for Task-Specific Optimization of Emission Tomography Reconstruction and Analysis

Purpose: For task-specific PET and SPECT reconstruction optimization, we developed LesionStudio, an open-source platform incorporating patient background heterogeneity, realistic lesion morphology and texture, and lesion-background interactions beyond conventional phantoms. Methods: LesionStudio, a Python framework built on PyTomography, inserts lesions into PET/SPECT data using modality-specific forward projection and stochastic background ablation. Clinical realism was evaluated by physician review of 30 inserted lesions in eight DLBCL patients from a 1,579-lesion FDG lymphoma library. Quantification and detectability were assessed in FDG PET using spherical and patient-derived lesions varying in size, LBR, and site, reconstructed with OSEM and BSREM. Results: Inserted lesions were visually indistinguishable from true disease (AUC = 0.49). OSEM improved the patient-derived quantification limit from ~3.7 mL at iteration 4 to ~2.0 mL at iteration 10, but with increased noise and edge artifacts. Weakly regularized BSREM (beta = 5) achieved a similar ~2.0 mL limit with stability, whereas stronger regularization increased under-recovery. Detectability was contrast-dependent: no lesions were detected at LBR 2:1, whereas detectable volume ranged from 0.70 to 3.63 mL at LBR 4:1 and decreased to 0.70 mL at LBR 6:1-8:1 for both OSEM and weakly regularized BSREM. Conclusion: Reconstruction settings can shift SUV metrics and detectability enough to affect interpretation, so no single protocol suits every task. OSEM required early stopping for detection and feature stability but more iterations for mean-SUV quantification, whereas weakly regularized BSREM matched both at one setting. LesionStudio (https://github.com/qurit/LesionStudio), with our public library of realistic lesions, provides a reproducible framework for task-specific optimization across radiopharmaceuticals and scanners.

physics.med-ph↗